Struggle For Human Rights And International Law Human Rights Essay

Battle For Human Rights And International Law Human Rights Essay In this paper, I look to give a more profound comprehension about the steady battle for human rights and worldwide law, In first moment, I am going to make a little audit about the significance of human rights and global law, basing on general setting, also, I will present us the abilities approach of human rights in a structure for comprehend the all inclusive statement of human rights (UDHR) lastly, I will outline how the fundamental components influence the connection between nations in the universal framework. For start with the improvement of the article, it is imperative to have full information about the fundamental point that I will create over the span of the archive, I mean, the human rights and the global law. Along these lines, we cam state that the human rights will be rights to which everybody individual is entitled essentially for on the grounds that the person in question is a person. These rights don't really need to be connected to a lawful framework and must not be secured by law, in light of the fact that as everyone knows, there are some of them that exist don't make a difference how, similarly, it is pertinent to take note of that when these rights are specified inside the enactment, the authorizing human rights is a lot simpler. Likewise, because of the way that most nations on the planet concur that human rights are basic for living in a more blend worldwide network, I mean, this is, shared by all individuals paying little heed to age, race, sex, religion, and so on., along these lines, if the vast majority of the individuals are concur with this, it will in general be arrange as widespread rights, and all together that these rights are considered in a worldwide level, it was vital the making of a report where is specified all the human rights, This archive acknowledged as the establishment of global human rights law is the all inclusive presentation of human rights passed by the United Nations (UN) in 1948, and which is use until today Inside this report, there are incorporate a portion of the rights that presumably could be the most significant ones in global terms; these human rights are connected with the thoughts of equity, regard and fairness. Also, as I said previously, this rights are worldwide, and as all inclusive rights implies that they are not really given on anybody, yet are essentially natural and because of every individual. En furthermore, the idea of certain nations are distinctive as for the other, which may make various laws with respect to these rights and some of them might not have any laws in regards to them, probably the most successive ones, are: the privilege to life the privilege to opportunity of religion, the privilege to instruction and work, and so on, later, we will see that this key rights in numerous pieces of the world are over and over again damaged To develop comprehension of the battle for worldwide equity, it is essential to value the idea of universal law, which is an intricate procedure of legitimate and controlling choice working across national and comparable limits, at least, to keep up world request. To this end, by method of an interpenetrating blend of order and authorization structures both inner and outside to states, this incorporates an assortment of precepts, standards and rules. We can stated, that the field of universal human rights has accomplished the exhaustive and raised worldwide status of favored world open arrangement. It supplies a system for a world request of human respect To start, I need to give an away from about the significance of sex, since this is a significant issue when we need to discuss human rights, besides, distinguish that sex Is not just connected with the ladies, it additionally is connected with men, since, this idea must be comprehended as a social and social development which depends on organic contrasts that most likely can cause disparities in the worldwide framework; likewise, the sexual orientation adds to a significant examination about the genuine circumstance of human rights, on the grounds that, on account of human rights infringement, the sex investigation, could help us so as to realize which are the activity that the nation need to apply. It is imperative to recollect, that inside the report there are incorporated the privileges of equivalent sexual orientation and the privileges of non sex separation, along these lines, the state have the commitment to ensure in a similar level both genders. Now I might want to make a great deal of accentuation in the difficulties that Colombia has regarding the privileges of ladies: Perhaps the greatest test is connected with the advancement of genuine culture of human rights in Colombia. Since the uniformity among people, and the acknowledgment of more noteworthy endeavors in usage and adequacy of the arrangement to permit ladies to accomplish genuine sex fairness and add to the formation of the way of life human rights; Also, the State must embrace measures to adjust generalizations and social examples that cause oppression ladies, this will likewise assist with accomplishing this reason. The dynamic job of common society to supplement endeavors state is significant, in light of the fact that as the ongoing Report of the High Commissioner suggests, the Government and the safeguards of human rights need to create and standardize a steady exchange, both broadly and territorially, to accomplish more prominent level of comprehension, and improve the advancement and insurance of human rights all through the nation. At long last, I need to discuss the difficulties of the state corresponding to the inward furnished clash in Colombia. In this point is imperative to recollect the proposal of the High Commissioner to the Government, to the unlawful equipped gatherings and common society to no extra endeavors to set up contacts exchange and arrangement so as to determine the outfitted clash and accomplishing harmony (). Additionally, the High Commissioner included its suggestion that exchange and dealings should consider, from the earliest starting point, the human rights and worldwide helpful law. One of the most acclaimed case of infringement of human rights is shut related with strict customs, in light of the fact that the worldwide law of human rights presents extensive difficulties for strict conventions, here, I think about a portion of this difficulties, especially that raised by the possibility of womans human rights. The universal law of human rights has not been to a great extent segregated from strict world view, on the grounds that a human rights law doesn't disregard religion as a part of people groups lives. Universal human rights law perceives a privilege to opportunity of religion and segregation based on religion is precluded at global law. Verifiably, the UN general get together received an affirmation on the end of all types of prejudices dependent on religion or conviction, however the UN commission designated an exceptional correspondent on religion bigotry, yet the commitment of human rights law and religion has been all things considered at a procedural level, worry with opportunity of religion as a part of dubious, in light of the fact that some strict customs can't acknowledge the possibility of opportunity to picked a religion. All in all, if human rights law has not locked in expressly with strict conventions what have strict custom made of human rights? In one hand, human right s and strict are personally, assuming irresolutely, related in that religions give a transient point of view by uncovering an element of human life well beyond the social and political request. Religions set a breaking point to the force claim to be the unitary wellspring of all position. The strain between the district and the state is clearly in practically all the cases. On account of Catholic Church this absence of commitment on the universal level didn't mean absence of enthusiasm for human rights issues. In wake of Vatican II, the congregation embraced numerous human rights ideas; the perfect of equity and human poise is a piece of the catholic culture. Other feel that is significant, is that strict convention are the possibility of holiness which bolsters people rights, it additionally has been dynamic in the grassroots of human rights battles in numerous pieces of the world. The two administrations from Rome and crafted by nearby houses of worship have upheld and guided human rights development in focal and Latin America. The connection of Islam to human rights is increasingly unpredictable. Islamic strict law, created in the second and third hundreds of years of Islam. It's anything but an officially authorized code, however a tremendous collection of law wherein law specialists blessed sacred texts of Islam. It is a group of strict and good mandates and standards. It influences the reasoning and conduct of Muslims the universes over and it is the establishment of the organizations and customs of most Muslim social orders. As a result of the profound hugeness of the Islamic culture conviction that t should overshadow some other legitimate framework. The premise of universal human rights law, the possibility that an individual has rights by prudence of being human, is unfamiliar to Islamic law. Undoubtedly, numerous Islamic statutes depend on differentiations between people Muslims and non-Muslims, people, for instance: the Islamic makes revocation of Islam or, as we probably am aware from the salman Rushdie case, the statement of perspectives in spite of Islam deserving of death. As of late, the Islamic world has made an endeavor to deal with worldwide human rights law. The statement alludes in its preface to the sanction of the UN and the universal bill of rights, yet doesn't support those instruments acknowledgment of an option to be liberated from subjugation and the option to change ones religion. A significant number of universal human rights ensures are debilitated extensively in the Arab sanction. While the Catholic Church and the Islamic can guarantee a commitment with worldwide human rights issues on certain issues, they have played a negative and risky job in other human rights setting. The issue that has frequently incited this response is that of womans rights and it has encouraged a striking and muddled coalition be

Multicultural Approaches to Counseling Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Multicultural Approaches to Counseling - Essay Example The realities of The Urban League Report likewise focuses to the absolute most noteworthy real factors about the social foundation of the African American men who need unique consideration during the time spent advising. The social, instructive, verifiable, racial, customary, and individual foundation of the African American as introduced through the article propose some essential issues that are looked by the guides as they continue with the endeavors of obliging the particular needs of the social setting of the African American guys. The different issues to be considered in the Counseling of African American Men as introduced in the article are important data, however it doesn't offer the total picture. The issues offered under the heads Racism, Problems of hostility and control, Cultural estrangement/detachment, Self-regard issues, Dependency issues, Attitudes and practices identified with looking for help and so on relate to a portion of the basic issues in the social setting of the African Americans, however there different angles also. The rules for directing the African American Men just as the five phases of advising the African American Men likewise offer appropriate data on the issue. ... 2. What use, assuming any, can an advocate make, of data, for example, this The article Advising African American Men (an outline) has a significant incentive to the guiding specialists working in the social foundation of the African American Men as it manages the absolute most relevant parts of the issues comparing to the social setting of these individuals. All people are arranged in an authentic just as a social procedure. Any comprehension of African American men is predicated on a comprehension of African American history and culture. This implies guiding methodologies must be founded on a comprehension of and affectability to the individual history of African Americans. (Counseling African American guys: The male socialization procedure of African American guys, 1995-2001). An instructor in the social foundation of the African American Men can utilize some essential data offered by the article and fundamentally, it offers to introduce the social and authentic setting of these individuals which will direct the guide in this line. The article has monstro us essentialness as it offers the recorded and social points of view with a quick reaction to the Black involvement with America. The estimation of the article on account of the instructors working out of sight of the African American men sums as it offers to introduce a portion of the essential issues that should have been considered in the advising of the African American Men. A portion of the issues identifying with the directing of the African American guys are introduced by the article, which incorporate the issues of bigotry, issues of hostility and control, social distance or disengagement, matters identifying with confidence, reliance, and the mentalities and

London Youth Symphony Case free essay sample

LONDON YOUTH SYMPHONY Colette Southam arranged this case under the management of Professor Craig Dunbar exclusively to give material to class conversation. The creators don't expect to represent either viable or inadequate treatment of an administrative circumstance. The creators may have masked certain names and other recognizing data to secure secrecy. Ivey Management Services denies any type of generation, stockpiling or transmittal without its composed authorization. Multiplication of this material isn't secured under approval by any propagation rights association. To arrange duplicates or solicitation consent to imitate materials, contact Ivey Publishing, Ivey Management Services, c/o Richard Ivey School of Business, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada, N6A 3K7; telephone (519) 661-3208; fax (519) 661-3882; email [emailprotected] uwo. ca. Copyright  © 2005, Ivey Management Services Version: (A) 2009-10-04 On Sunday April 4, 2004, Daina Janitis, board leader of the London Youth Symphony (LYS), sat in her home office and composed: I’ve been around the LYS for about twelve years †eight preceding I propelled my own young performers into the grown-up world and the last four as president. We will compose a custom paper test on London Youth Symphony Case or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page I have been wearied every year by no different conversations with the directorate, â€Å"Can individuals join in the event that they can’t pay? † â€Å"Do we rebuff non-participants? † and â€Å"Are we going to fail? † Fortunately, today, the last inquiry isn't an issue †thank heavens. Rather, the inquiry â€Å"Do we have a financial balance yet no symphony? † has surfaced. LONDON YOUTH SYMPHONY BACKGROUND The LYS was a not-revenue driven association with a volunteer top managerial staff. It was established in 1961 with the help of the Junior Women’s Committee of the London Symphony Orchestra Association with Derek Stannard filling in as the principal director. Not just amusement for youthful players, LYS furnished the region’s best youthful artists with a difficult musical symphony experience. A considerable lot of the more than 2,000 LYS graduated class proceeded to have vocations as music instructors, soloists and artists in proficient symphonies and outfits while other people who sought after non-melodic profession ways proceeded with their deep rooted duties to music through enrollment with network ensembles all through Canada. The LYS experience uncovered progressed symphonic instrumentalists to a degree of collection and outfit playing that couldn't be copied by any school ensemble or through private investigation alone. Participation in the LYS was available to artists between the ages of 13 and 23 from London and the encompassing region and was dependent upon an effective tryout with the orchestra’s director and music executive since 2002, Len Ingrao. Director of the Waterloo Chamber Players and the London Community Orchestra, the previous LYS collaborator director ventured into the job of LYS director upon the passing of long-term LYS director Stan Kopac. The LYS Young Strings (YS) program was an effort program of the LYS and was available to violin, viola, cello and twofold bass players between the ages of eight and 15 with Page 2 9B05N009 the proposal of their school or private music instructor. YS was considered roughly 20 years back by London string music instructor, Steven Wolsley as a ‘feeder group’ to give LYS required string players. During the week by week full LYS practices, Maestro Ingrao guided the players in musicianship, symphonic playing method and control deserving of the best and most dedicated youthful artists in the zone. As indicated by the artists, the ensemble gave them a difficult traditional and contemporary collection. An ongoing LYS graduate who proceeded onward to go to a renowned private music studio described how her schoolmates griped about the trouble of one of their symphonic pieces. She advised them to quit whimpering and that she played the piece when she was a young person in her childhood ensemble. LYS performers likewise profited by standard sectional practices with mentors from Orchestra London and the Don Wright Faculty of Music at the University of Western Ontario. As per Maestro Ingrao, â€Å"It’s too simple to even think about believing that a conductor can or ought to have the option to do everything and overlook that the instrumental experts are the ones who confer the imperative specialized exhortation. † LYS performed three significant musical shows for each year, highlighting a youthful soloist chose from inside the positions of the ensemble or a youthful visitor craftsman. A first-time benefactor at an ongoing show was caught saying, â€Å"I didn’t anticipate that it should seem like an expert symphony, however when I shut my eyes during the show, it sure didn’t sound like children. † LYS likewise performed at shows with different gatherings, for example, the London Community Orchestra (LCO) and ensembles from neighboring network holy places. The LYS, through effort shows and the 2002 visit in Austria and Italy, has put London on the adolescent symphony map. Money related POSITION On August 31, 2001, the LYS financial balance was $10,044 (see Exhibit 1). In view of anticipated consumptions, it appeared to be unavoidable that this equalization would be drained throughout the fall 2001 season. Moreover, bingo incomes had been a significant wellspring of salary for LYS and 3C Bingo, the corridor that held their licenses, was experiencing monetary challenges all through 2001 so its own future was questionable. 1 The board chose in June 2001, that LYS could no longer bear the cost of $10,000 every year to have a paid chief. Throughout the following two years, the board president, Daina Janitis, and treasurer, Abigail Butt, completed most of the manager’s obligations. In October 2002, LYS was acknowledged at the Bingo Castle and Bingo Palace with the goal that bingo incomes started to stream once more. With Butt’s tight monetary restriction, by August 31, 2003, LYS was in a solid budgetary circumstance again with $41,664 in the general record (see Exhibit 1). Incomes Enrolled under the government Charities Act, LYS had no offer capital and made good on no annual duty. As per the pay proclamation, LYS had four diverse income streams: raising support, education costs, awards and sponsorships and show continues (see Exhibit 2). In 2004, raising support income, only because of bingos, added up to $9,309. The city’s prohibition on smoking in every single open spot was relied upon to diminish future bingo incomes by 20 percent since neighboring districts despite everything permitted smoking in bingo lobbies, as did the close by club. Bingos were a key wellspring of subsidizing for not-revenue driven associations in Ontario. Overseen by the Ontario Lottery and Gaming Commission, the detailing and record-keeping prerequisites were tough. Until 2001, a LYS family had dealt with the organization’s bingos, however when that family’s 1 3C left business in September 2001. Page 3 9B05N009 performer moved on from LYS, this errand tumbled to the board treasurer. Each LYS part family was required to take an interest at three bingos for every year, while YS families were not as of now required to take an interest. Preferably, every bingo expected 10 to 12 volunteers (performers over age 16 or guardians) to run easily, and needed to incorporate a board part who marked the bingo permit application and a couple of other people who were prepared in the computation of prizes or different parts of the bingo procedure. In any case, without a conventional procedure for following LYS family chipping in, bingos were running with as not many as six individuals. Different pledge drives were significantly less worthwhile. Deals of poinsettias and bamboo plants in 2002 got income of $6,579, yet the related expenses added up to $5,545. â€Å"Retail† kinds of pledge drives were disliked with the guardians who were at that point soaked with chocolates, cheddar and plants to sell for their children’s schools and extracurricular associations. Numerous guardians selected to buy the plants as endowments as opposed to permit their kids to sell one more thing to family, companions and their associates. The board of these littler pledge drives likewise positioned an extra weight on the board individuals, who ran the pledge drives without a raising support advisory group. Then again, the profits related with the Cabaret Night pledge drive in 2000 were all the more engaging. The single-night occasion got $2,276 with related expenses of just $623. Moreover, the Cabaret experience was a good time for the artists, engaging for loved ones, and it expanded the orchestra’s introduction in the city. Education costs got $17,069 in 2004. Current educational cost is $325 for LYS and $145 for YS (see Exhibit 3). YS educational cost had expanded by $10 to $145 since 2001. In 2004, LYS educational cost had come back to $325 in the wake of being raised to $425 for the 2003 season. A lessening in paid enrolment from 50 to 28 artists went with the expansion in educational cost. Note that there is an inconsistency between the quantity of artists that paid to enlist and the quantity of performers recorded in the show programs. As indicated by the program notes, there were 35 LYS artists in 2003, while just 25 paid educational cost. There was no proper arrangement set up to pardon educational cost for performers who couldn't pay because of budgetary hardship. This was a wellspring of dissention on the board, with certain individuals accepting that powerlessness to pay the educational cost ought not keep any certified performer from having a place. YS enrolment didn't seem to have a flexible interest and the numbers were relied upon to stay steady. Awards and sponsorships were a significant wellspring of income for LYS. Trillium Foundation Grants gave one-time allows that could be utilized to buy instruments and music while The London Arts Counc

Privacy paper essays

Security paper expositions I accept law authorization ought to make a superior showing of shielding private data from misuse. Law implementation reveals to us they are finding more hoodlums with observation. Since the presentation of observation strategies the crime percentage has not dropped. On the off chance that law organizations watched people groups activities all the more mindfully, it would secure residents without endangering their protection. Rather, law implementation is trading off our security under the appearance of wrongdoing anticipation by utilizing cameras, wire tapping, and the Internet. The utilization of cameras with the end goal of law requirement frequently doesn't discourage crooks. Crime percentages have not diminished since the presentation of cameras in broad daylight places. A few crooks, who really want acknowledgment for perpetrating a wrongdoing, are energized when video observation is being utilized. Strossen states, In Tempe, Arizona, authorities stuck a pivoting camera-nicknamed Sneaky Peak-on the civil structure (Barnet and Bedau 681). Attack of security taking after slippery pinnacle spying capacities are continually going on, for example, the profoundly incapable camera set up in Times Square. Strossen expressed, Surveillance cameras that had been mounted for 22 mounts in New York Citys Times Square prompted just 10 capture before they were disassembled... (Barnet and Badau 681). Insufficient cameras, similar to the one in Times Square, ought to be evacuated to ensure the conservation of our protected right to security. On the off chance that law of fices are not happy with camera utilization, they can likewise utilize tapping methods to hear and see everything inside or outside a house. Law requirement organizations can without much of a stretch wiretap and spy on each discussion in a residents home. A 1994 case has made it generally simple for law authorization to get consent to tap our own discussions. Simson states In 1994, Congress passed the Communications Assistance ... <!

Guiding Principles for Assessment Accommodations

Guiding Principles for Assessment Accommodations Guiding principles for assessment accommodation. Updated on: December 8, 2000 Guiding Principles for Assessment Accommodations Related References Types of AssessmentAccommodationsAccommodationObjectivesCase StudiesAccommodationGlossary When making assessment accommodations, keep the following in mind. Do not assume that every student with disabilities needs assessmentaccommodations. Accommodations used in assessments should parallelaccommodations used in instruction. Obtain approval by the IEP team. The IEP team must determine theaccommodations. Base accommodations on student need. Accommodations should respond tothe needs of the individual student and not be based on the category of thestudent's disability. Do not base decisions about whether to provideaccommodations and what the accommodations should be on educationalprogram placement (e.g., percentage of time the student spends in thegeneral education classroom). While students with the same disability maytend to need the same or similar kinds of accommodations, this is not asound basis for making decisions. Be respectful of the student's cultural and ethnic background. Whensuggesting an accommodation, make sure the student and his or her familyare comfortable with it. When working with a student who has limitedEnglish proficiency, consideration needs to be given to whether theassessment should be explained to the student in his or her native languageor other mode of communication unless it is clearly not feasible to do so. Integrate assessment accommodations into classroom instruction. Neverintroduce an unfamiliar accommodation to a student during an assessment.Preferably, the student should use the accommodation as part of regularinstruction. At the very least, the student should have ample time to learnand practice using the accommodation prior to the assessment. Know whether your state and/or district has an approved list ofaccommodations. Although the ultimate authority for making decisionsabout what accommodations are appropriate rests with the student's IEPteam, many states and districts have prepared a list of officially-approvedaccommodations. These lists vary widely from district to district or state tostate. Generally, there are different documentation procedures depending onwhether the accommodation is or is not found on the state-approved/district-approved list. Practitioners and families should consider the statelaws and district policies. Plan early for accommodations. Begin consideration of assessmentaccommodations long before the student will use them, so that he or she hassufficient opportunity to learn and feel comfortable.Include students in decision making. Whenever possible, include the studentin determining an appropriate accommodation. Find out whether thestudent perceives a need for the accommodation and whether he or she iswilling to use it. If a student does not want to use an accommodation (e.g., itis embarrassing or it is too cumbersome to use), the student probably willnot use it. Understand the purpose of the assessment. Select only thoseaccommodations that do not interfere with the intent of the test. Forexample, if the test measures calculations, a calculator would provide thestudent with an unfair advantage. However, if the math test measuresproblem-solving ability, a calculator may be appropriate. Similarly, reading atest to a student would not present an unfair advantage unless the testmeasures reading ability. Request only those accommodations that are truly needed. Too manyaccommodations may overload the student and prove detrimental. Whensuggesting more than one accommodation, make sure the accommodationsare compatible (e.g., do not interfere with each other or cause an undueburden on the student). Determine if the selected accommodation requires another accommodation.Some accommodations - such as having a test read aloud - may provedistracting for other students, and therefore also may require a settingaccommodation. Provide practice opportunities for the student. Many standardized test formats are very different from teacher-made tests. This may pose problemsfor students. Most tests have sample tests or practice versions. While it isinappropriate to review the actual test with the student, practice tests aredesigned for this purpose. Teach students test-taking tips, such as knowinghow much time is allotted and pacing oneself so as not to spend too muchtime on one item. Orient students to the test format or types of questions.For example, on multiple-choice tests, encourage students to read eachchoice carefully, eliminate the wrong choices, and then select their answer. Remember that accommodations in test taking won't necessarily eliminatefrustration for the student. Accommodations allow a student to demonstratewhat he or she knows and can do. They are provided to meet a student'sdisability-related needs, not to give anyone an unfair advantage. Thus,accommodations will not in themselves guarantee a good score for a studentor reduce test anxiety or other emotional reactions to the testing situation.Accommodations are intended to level the playing field.  

38 Amazing Cause and Effect Essay Topics (Updated 2020)

38 Amazing Cause and Effect Essay Topics Every cause has an effect and every effect has a cause. In philosophy this is known as the First Cause principle. The Greeks established this line of thinking centuries ago and the West picked it up and ran with it. While philosophers of the modern era might reject the notion of causality, they won’t help you get out of having to write a cause and effect essay. So to help you out, here are some cause and effect essay topics that might make your job a little easier. Table of Contents1 Cause and Effect Essay Topics1.1 Good Cause and Effect Essay Topics1.2 College Cause and Effect Essay Topics1.3 Easy Cause and Effect Essay Topics1.4 Creative Cause and Effect Topics2 Conclusion Cause and Effect Essay Topics Good Cause and Effect Essay Topics Good cause and effect essay topics are all around us. Think about the world in which you live and then ask yourself, â€Å"Why are things the way they are today?† Focus on anything—some element of politics, some social norm, some economic practice—and it will serve as good a place as any to start your inquiry. Try these questions for starters. What were the direct and indirect causes of the Civil War? The Civil War is known for being a controversial topic—and many historians are still divided as to what really caused it. A good cause and effect paper on this topic will look at the many different direct and indirect factors that can be said to have led to the outbreak of war between the North and the South. And there are plenty of variables to discuss! What was the effect of WW2’s outcome on the geopolitical world order throughout the second half of the 20th century? In many ways World War Two defined the latter half of the 20th century. It instituted a new world order with the U.S. essentially calling the shots in the West as the new dominant role player. It is also paved the way for an increase in tension between the Eastern and the Western spheres. Geopolitical games were just beginning with the end of WW2. So a good way to broach this subject would be to discuss the many different ways that WW2 impacted geopolitics in the latter half of the 20th century. What caused the Great Depression? Some—like former Fed Chairman Ben Bernanke—say it was the Fed, others an increase in easy credit that led to unwise spending and speculation. Researching the crash and the after effects of this interesting time in American history can be a good way to begin work on finding the causes that led to the Great Depression. What effect has cultural Marxism had on the West? The Frankfurt School had some interesting things to say about modern culture. They also had some interesting ideas about how to change the world to align it more with the ideals of the Marxist doctrine. Starting with Adorno and his pals in the Frankfurt School, you could begin tracing the effects that the cultural Marxists had on the West. No doubt you’ll certainly come to understand a little more about why things are the way they are today. What is the effect of carbon emissions on the atmosphere? Cars and trucks get blamed a lot for the increase of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. However, what would you say if you were told that the agriculture and farming industry along with the energy industry are responsible for the lion’s share of pollution in the atmosphere? Researching the effect of carbon emissions on the atmosphere can be a good way to find out what might really be behind global warming. What is the cause and effect of political correctness? Ever wonder where the idea of political correctness came from? Ever wonder what kind of effect the practice of political correctness has on society? Here’s a good place to start. What effect does the melting of the polar ice caps have on the global environment? Everyone’s heard of global warming—but not many people know all the ways in which the melting of the polar ice caps could impact the planet. What is the cause of inflation? How does money work and what makes a currency lose value over time? Moreover, what effect does inflation have on the economy, on one’s savings, and on one’s job? Answer these questions by finding the cause and effect of inflation. What effect has the Federal Reserve had on the value of the dollar over the past 100 years? The Fed was founded more than a century again amid some very peculiar backroom dealings on Jekyll Island. Since that time, it takes significantly more USDs (or Federal Reserve notes) to buy what one could have purchased for far fewer notes 75 years ago. Is there a correlation between the institution of the Fed and its power to print money? What has been the effect of globalization on Western society? Western society—and indeed much of the world—used to be far more divided and insular than it is today. Today, while we may have borders and laws about immigration the fact is that much of the world has become homogenized and open. How did this happen? Start your cause and effect paper by researching the causes and effects of globalization. College Cause and Effect Essay Topics College cause and effect essay topics can be ambitious or simple. The key to writing a good college cause and effect essay is to ask a good question and then start tracing out the ways in which events transpire so as to show the cause of the subject in question and its effect. Here are some questions to help jump start some creative ideas on your part. What were the primary causes of Brexit and what will the effects of the UK leaving the EU be on the West? England’s vote to leave the EU was certainly historic in many regards—and no one knows quite what impact it will have on the West. However, there are plenty of good opinions out there backed up by solid, logical claims—which makes this a particularly good cause and effect essay for your college paper. How are the effects of populism and nationalism manifesting in countries around the world today? Nationalism and globalism seem to be in a head-to-head contest today, though with the nature of society being so thoroughly globalized it is difficult to see how any real nationalist movement could have much impact on things. Nonetheless, the growing tide of populism and nationalism can be seen everywhere people are dissatisfied with the current state of government in their country. What will the effects of this rising tide of nationalism be in the long run? And what caused it to come about in the first place? What has been the economic effect of Qualitative Easing? Quantitative Easing (QE) was launched in the wake of the 2008 collapse—and markets have not been the same since. What caused the fall of Lehman Brothers? The fall of Lehman Brothers set off a cascade of defaults and collapses all around the globe. How and—more importantlywhy did this happen? What caused the fall of Enron? Enron was for a short period of time the darling of Wall Street. Ken Lay and Jeff Skilling could do no wrong—until suddenly they could do nothing right. Find out what caused the fall of Enron. What was the cause and effect of Confucianism in the East? Confucius was a kind of Renaissance Man of the ancient East. Where did his ideas come from and what did they lead to in places like China and Japan? You might be surprised to find that in many ways Confucius was simply passing on what he himself received†¦. What is the effect of violence in the media on society? No one can argue that violence in the mainstream media has diminished over the years. Quite the contrary: there seems to be more violence today than ever before on both the big and small screen. So what is the effect of all this blood and guts getting spilled out all over screens across America? Does it actually have an impact on society? What is the effect of listening to Mozart while doing homework? A few studies have examined the claim that listening to Mozart actually improves your brain’s capacity to focus and retain information for a short-term duration. Find out how this happens and explain the effects of classical music on the brain. What was the cause and effect of humanism on the Italian Renaissance? The Italian Renaissance was a time of swirling activity and shifting balances of power. Artists were hired to propagate new ideas and a clear shift in thinking could be discerned as the effects of humanism spread throughout Europe. What caused the fall of the Soviet Union? The Soviet Union and the U.S. were engaged in an ideological battle throughout the Cold War. Then things began to turn south for the Russians. What caused the once proud Soviet Union to fall apart? What was the cause and effect of the Counter-Reformation? Most people know that the Reformation was fueled by men like Luther, Calvin, Knox and Henry. But do you know what led to the rise of the Counter-Reformation, who spurred it on, and what it achieved? What is the effect of poor leadership on organizational culture? Everyone loves a good leader—but what happens when you have a bad leader in your workplace? If good leaders produce positive results, do poor leaders cause negative results to happen? Easy Cause and Effect Essay Topics Easy cause and effect essay topics don’t necessarily have to be based on simplistic questions. Sometimes what makes an easy topic is the fact that there is so much written about it that you’ll have no trouble identifying causes and effects. Try some of these ideas below to get your paper going. What is the cause of the epidemic of obesity in America? Obesity is a major problem in America. But what causes it and what are the serious effects of being overweight?   Many studies have been conducted in recent years to help researchers address this question.   Places like PubMed are great databases to use to start getting the information you’ll need to write this one. What causes a tornado to form? Tornado chasers have one of the most thrilling jobs—when there is action to chase. What happens though when there is not a tornado in sight, and what kind of conditions are needed for tornado formation?   Find out by writing a cause and effect essay on tornadoes. What effect did Prohibition have on U.S. society in the 1920s? Prohibition was meant to restore law and order—but it turned out to have quite the opposite impact. One of the most heinous effects of Prohibition was the rise of the bootleggers and organized crime.   There’s nothing like a little reform to make things worse all the way around. What do we know about the cause and effect of laughter? Did you ever wonder what makes us laugh and why it’s different for so many people? Did you ever wonder what effect laughter has on the body or on the mind?   Did you ever wonder if laughter can ever be a bad thing or if there are types of laughter than are less positive than others? Is genetics the cause of diabetes—or is it diet? Some studies have shown that a bad diet can be the cause of diabetes. Others point to poor environment.   Others point to genetics and the Pima Indians as proof.   Scientists may argue over the cause, but there’s plenty of research on the subject to help you make up your mind. What is the cause and effect of indigestion? If you’ve ever enjoyed a nice, hot plate of Mexican food only to experience terrible indigestion afterwards, this might be just the topic for you. How have the effects of U.S. foreign policy in the Middle East materialized over the past 50 years? What are some of the effects of America’s foreign policy in the Middle East? Iraq has crumbled and millions have been killed.   ISIS is now an existential threat to much of the civilized world not to mention to innocent civilians in the Middle East.   Parts of Syria have been destroyed.   Russia is now engaged in military operations there to help keep things stable.   Has it always been this way?   The past 15 years don’t look so good.   Have a look at the past 50 and see if it’s any better. What is the political effect of bipartisanship? Everyone who loves American politics, loves to talk about bipartisanship. So what’s the political impact of getting bipartisan support for a bill?   Is it always positive?   If so—how do you explain the Freedom Caucus? What are the positive and negative effects of social media on society? Social media is a great way to instantly communicate with friends. But there is also a hidden danger with social media—the loss of privacy.   With social media, the line between a private and a social life has been blurred—perhaps past the point of all return. What is the cause and effect of homelessness in U.S. cities? Homelessness is a subject that few like to talk about: it makes people uncomfortable because there are no easy solutions.   However, what causes homelessness to occur and the effects it has on society are far less difficult to point out. Creative Cause and Effect Topics What effect does teen usage of social media have on teen face-to-face social skills development? Teenagers are using social media and mobile phones to communicate now more than they ever have in the history of the planet. This new method of communication puts a lot of emphasis on digital and virtual connectivity.   So while teens may be more virtually connected, all this energy spent on the Internet may be causing a breakdown in face-to-face, real word contact. What is the cause and effect of â€Å"fake news†? Fake news made its debut in the media recently—so what brought it about? Is it something that is characterized by content, provider, or intent?   Moreover, what effect does fake news have on our culture? What is the cause of the tension between Russian and American political relations? The two nations were allies in WW2—yet ever since the start of the Cold War there has been incredible tension between the two nations. Why is this? What is the cause and effect of laughter? Why do people laugh? Why do they like to laugh?   Why does one person laughing invariably cause others to laugh?   Why are we attracted to laughter?   Why is laughter considered the â€Å"best medicine†?   What effect does laughter have on the brain and body? What is the cathartic effect of watching a tragedy on the stage? How does drama help to cleanse the soul? Why does viewing a character’s tragic story help an audience?   What did Aristotle have to say about tragedy? What is the cause and effect of usury? Usury was, once upon a time, forbidden in the West. Now it is taken for granted and even celebrated in the form of interest rates!   What is the idea behind usury as a practice, and what are the effects of usury—whether negative or positive? Conclusion Cause and effect essay topics are easy to come up with—they are literally all around us. As the Greeks pointed out long ago—and Shakespeare after them (â€Å"Nothing will come of nothing†)—for things to happen there has to be a cause. And for every cause there is an effect. The picture at the top of the page says it all: Newton’s cradle might have been used to demonstrate a point about the conservation of force—but that last ball doesn’t move unless someone moves the first.

Italian Verbs Incontrare Conjugations

A Different Point of View of the Vietnam War in Tim...

A natural behaviour for humans is trying to relate to other’s points of view, one thing most people do not realize is that when you actually experience the event, you will have a different point of view versus trying to relate to it. Tim O’Brien, the author of The Things They Carried, had a completely different point of view on war than others who just watched it on the news. The main character and the stories in the book resemble Tim OBriens life in many ways, one of which is how Tim and the main character both oppose the war but other’s point of view about the war makes them conform and go to war anyways. .The Vietnam war, which is the basis of this book, had two opposing groups like all wars. The first was the opposition to U.S†¦show more content†¦He states that â€Å"[He] would go to war- [He] would kill and maybe die- because [He] was embarrassed† (O’Brien 57). He soon realized that he should have escaped when he had the chance becau se it was better than experiencing the horrors and traumatic experiences that soldiers go through. Sometimes what society thinks can get the best of you and lead you to do things that are against your beliefs and morals. This is what Tim is trying to say through the book to the readers who might find themselves in similar situations. O’Brien always questioned the idea of â€Å"enemies†. Throughout the book he questioned in many ways and asked why were they enemies. What have they done to make them enemies, he sought for answers to his questions and eventually justified them by â€Å"if I dont kill them then they will kill me†.He was afraid of both killing, and dying but he knew that if he didn’t kill then he himself would be dead. These experiences and suppression of ideas are what led O’Brien’s to write The Things They Carried. In real life, Tim OBrien feared the war and wrote this book to persuade others and to plant an idea in their head about the horrors that they should not want to suffer. Tim portrays his fear of the war by sharing his experiences as stories. Tim portrays many of his fearsShow MoreRelatedEssay about Literary Techniques in The Things They Carried1276 Words   |  6 PagesIn The Things They Carried, Tim O’Brien uses many such techniques to provide more depth to his book. Four literary techniques used by Tim O’Brien are symbolism, pathetic fallacy, irony, and juxtaposition. One literary technique prominent in The Things They Carried, particularly in the story by the same name, is symbolism. Throughout this story, O’Brien mentions all the things that the soldiers carry with them, both physical and emotional. However, the physical items that the men carried is moreRead MoreEssay about The Things they Carried Symbolism772 Words   |  4 Pages The Things They Carried: Essay Prompt Two Tim O’Brien writes about both the physical objects they carry as well as their emotional burdens. The objects that these soldiers carry serve as a symbolism for what they are carrying in their hearts and minds. The soldiers carry items varying from pantyhose, medicine, tanning oil, and pictures. Jimmy Cross is an inexperienced sophomore in college, he signs up for the Reserve Officers Training Camp because his friends are doing the course. Jimmy Cross doesn’tRead MorePersuasive Essay : The Things They Carried Essay1189 Words   |  5 PagesPersuasive Essay: The Things They Carried Are moral standards in the eye of the beholder? According to one author, â€Å"we’ve seriously lost our way†, going on to state, â€Å"we are like mean adrift at sea without a compass† (Hulme). In literature as in biology, the mantra of form fits function applies and heightens a reader’s appreciation of a writer’s choice and how they contribute to a work of literature. In Tim O’Brien’s collection of short stories, The Things They Carried, the narrative, the experienceRead MoreThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien Essay1646 Words   |  7 PagesToll The Vietnam War was the largest, most prolonged military conflict for the United States of America in world history, besides the recent war in Afghanistan. Many Vietnam veterans have written books and novels about their experiences, however, Tim O’Brien, an American who was drafted into the Vietnam war and an American writer, has written numerous books about his war experiences. In particular, Tim O’Brien’s novel The Things They Carried, tells all his experiences in detail about the war, what itRead MoreThe Vietnam War in The Things They Carried by Tim O ´brien Essay796 Words   |  4 PagesThe Vietnam War. A war that many Americans believed unfair and unnecessary. â€Å"Why am I being sent off to fight in a war I don’t know anything about? Will I ever return again?† Many draftees asked themselves these questions hoping to find comfort in the answers. But there was little to no hope, and they knew it. They were being drafted and they could do ab solutely nothing about it, only hope that at the end they would be returning to the enlightened faces of their loved ones, something that not manyRead MoreWomen and Their Role in The Things They Carried by Tim Obrien888 Words   |  4 PagesThe Things They Carried Women and their Role in The Things They Carried Within the book The Thing’s They Carried, the stories of the male soldiers and their dealings with the Vietnam War. However he also delves into the stories of the women and how they affected the soldiers and their experiences in Vietnam. While the men dealt with the horrors of war, the women were right at their side, just not in as much of a public view as the male soldiers. O’Brien uses women such as Martha, Linda and KathleenRead MoreThe Things They Carried Journal Assignment1883 Words   |  8 PagesKatie Bishop Period 2 The Things They Carried Journal Assignment The things the soldiers carried defined their character, both the physical things and the metaphorical things. All of the men physically carried their gear, which included things like their helmet, jungle boots, grenades, firearms, and sometimes each other. Mentally they had to carry their brutal memories of war and the terrible things they encountered. 1st Lieutenant Jimmy Cross carried letter from his girlfriend Martha, 2 photographsRead MoreThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien1970 Words   |  8 PagesTim O’Brien effectively uses a literary medium to artistically portray the drastically altered realities of men whose lives have been impacted by the experiences of their loyal service to their country. Within the novel The Things They Carried, the reader is exposed to unknown taboo recollections of war tales in which the protagonist and sub characters cannot remove from memory. Moreover, The Things They Carried acts as a medium for the long kept emotional distress of the author and even the protagonistRead MoreTim OBriens The Things They Carried Essay1328 Words   |  6 PagesAmericans are involved, there is no lack on interpretations of war; stating their opinions about politics or military is not something they are afraid of doing. Whichever way a person wants to perceive the war is entirely up to them, but the viewpoints of the soldiers’ who are fighting in said war, show perspectives that are often entirely opposite of the views of those Americans. Tim O’Brien’s The Thing They Carried offers insight on the Vietnam War as told by soldiers during that time. O’Brien blurs distinctionRead MoreAnalysis Of O Brien s 1954 Words   |  8 PagesOn another subject, not everyone is sure of the accuracy of O’Brien’s novel. One source truly doubts the truth within the story. The author writes that O’Brien’s past â€Å". . . in turn spins the dazzling intricate webs of imagination and memory that co nstitute his fiction† (Franklin). Another source mentions â€Å". . . these stories--some fully developed, some no more than anecdotes . . .† (Jones). Franklin believes that as a result of the experiences O’Brien endured, his memory is less than accurate. He

Significance Of The Family Of East Asian Thought - 1892 Words

Iraklii Lortkipanidze A11551208 Professor Magagna Midterm Significance of the family in East Asian thought Family in the East Asian Culture is considered the root foundation of all the beliefs, ideas and concepts that one might require as they grow and develop into a successful Independent human being. Similarly to the other civilizations, East Asia is a place where family is very important, but in East Asia, the families are given more consideration and more focus as it is seen as the human root, which every other human institution grows out of. It can grow well and thrive or it can grow poorly and be deformed. But as families go, from the East Asian point of view, the whole society is based upon the root of the family, rather than†¦show more content†¦However, in order to become a successful human being, human nature is something that to a certain extent needs to be individually developed through one’s own challenges and experiences. At some point in a person’s life, significantly at an early age, they are ultimately helpless, therefore they need the attention and guidance of the family to be put on the right path to achieve and flourish a s a human being. This is why the family is the core of humanization and education. This is where the values of family and responsibility play a vital role in guiding and promoting the right beliefs and concepts for the development of successful, well-developed human beings. This also means that mothers have an extremely important role in the East Asian families, because they nourish and educate their children from adolescence till they can become independently grown individuals (Magagna, Oct 13). Such nourishment and uprising, also requires the person to experience events solely by themselves, forming their own opinion and judgment. Therefore, requiring one to self-cultivate and prosper. While the Self-cultivation can be done anywhere, the most important and logical place to do it would be at home, where one receives the humanization and education from their parents. Even if the individual can’t go to college to develop such experiences, they can still receive the self-cultiv ation to the wider world at home from their family (Magagna, Oct 13). Therefore, this means that the

Othello the Feminine Perspective Essay - 2729 Words

Othello, Shakespeare’s tragic drama, has much to say about women and the attitudes of social groups and individuals towards them. Let’s examine, from the top down, from the general to the lower ranks, these outlooks on women and other feminine considerations. Kenneth Muir, in the Introduction to William Shakespeare: Othello, explains the Moor’s blind ignorance of his won wife: Iago begins his temptation on the following morning, and he is able to exploit Othello’s comparative ignorance of his wife. This ignorance is only partly due to the fact that they have had no opportunity of living together. It is due to a number of other factors. Othello comes of royal birth but he has won for himself a place of distinction in the†¦show more content†¦Once there the two awaken the senator with loud shouts about his daughter’s elopement with Othello. In response to the noise and Iago’s vulgar descriptions of Desdemona’s involvement with the general, Brabantio arises from bed. With Roderigo’s help, he gathers a search party to go and find Desdemona and bring her home. The father’s attitude is that life without his Desdemona will be much worse than before: It is too true an evil: gone she is; And whats to come of my despised time Is nought but bitterness. (1.1) Brabantio is the old father, and he hates to lose the comforting services of his Desdemona. The daughter’s husband Othello expresses his sentiments to Iago regarding his relationship with the senator’s daughter, saying that I love the gentle Desdemona, I would not my unhoused free condition Put into circumscription and confine For the seas worth. (1.2) Once that Brabantio has located Othello, the father presses charges publicly in order to have Desdemona returned: To prison, till fit time Of law and course of direct session Call thee to answer. (1.2) The proceedings which take place before the Duke of Venice enable the audience to hear the feminine point of view for theShow MoreRelatedEssay about The Effects of Femininity1571 Words   |  7 Pagesideas of femininity have on literary texts, we must first acknowledge what the term means. Clearly both terms derive from the original sex of the being, whether male or female, and can be similarly tied in with notions of gender, either masculine or feminine, which are said to be constructs, or labels, created by society. However `masculinity and `femininity become, on some levels, dislodged from the idea of the biological makeup and gender constructs, and instead tend to be described in terms ofRead MoreAnalysis Of Othello By William Shakespeare Essay1606 Words   |  7 PagesThe theme of power is explored in various ways throughout ‘Othello’, Shakespeare uses the vulnerability of characters’ flaws to allow power shifts to occur through manipulation. The Elizab ethan value consensus highlights the difference in gender roles, with societal expectations being defined by the divine order. The limitations of social mobility provide a strong platform for the theme of power to be embedded upon, with characters such as Desdemona and Emilia representing the struggle that womenRead More Custom Written Term Papers: Othello’s Feminine Perspective2811 Words   |  12 PagesOthello’s Feminine Perspective  Ã‚        Ã‚   The audience finds in Othello, Shakespeare’s tragic drama, the feminine perspective on life in general and on various aspects of life. These feminine perspectives from the three lady-characters are not consistent and uniform among the ladies. Let’s consider them in this paper.    Alvin Kernan’s â€Å"Othello: an Introduction† explains the protagonist’s delayed conversion to the feminine perspective:    His willingness to speak of what he has doneRead MoreA Relationship Between A White And A Black Mother1313 Words   |  6 Pagestruth about a man before committing to him (Desdemona 20) However, she gets swayed by Othello, which perhaps filled the void left by her nursemaid. One interesting fact is the obvious feminist perspective in this play. Simone Beauvoir opines that women’s dream of great love usually comes in false and imperfect form (The Second Sex 684). Desdemona and Barbary ill-fated love seem to affirm the feminist perspective that women’s experience is the same when it comes to relationship with men, irrespectiveRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Othello, The Moor Of Venice Essay1251 Words   |  6 PagesIn the play Othello, the Moor of Venice by William Shakespeare, the women take on various roles in this Venetian society. The roles include committing fraud, playing the part of the victim, and playing the part of the hero. In this Venetian society in the 1600 s, the women served major purposes and were vital to keep the towns running. However, the women also faced being victimized and stereotyped in this man-run society. Women were inferior to men, treated unequally, and women were also viewed asRead More Othello: Emilia’s Metamorphosis Essay example1209 Words   |  5 PagesOthello: Emilia’s Metamorphosis  Ã‚        Ã‚   In his tragic play Othello, Shakespeare endows the minor character Emilia with some important functions. Her character, which changes dramatically in several ways toward the finale of the play, is the topic of this essay.    A.C. Bradley, in his book of literary criticism, Shakespearean Tragedy, defines the character of the ancient’s wife:    Few of Shakespeare’s minor characters are more distinct than Emilia, and towards few do our feelingsRead More Emilia, A Heroine of Shakespeares Othello Essay1305 Words   |  6 PagesEmilia, A Heroine of Shakespeares Othello   Ã‚   Shakespeare, in his tragedy Othello, presents a minor character who does great things in the final act. Her character is deserving of analysis. Kenneth Muir, in the Introduction to William Shakespeare: Othello,   explains the motivation of Emilia through most of the play: Emilia’s character, too, is determined by the plot. In the source, the villain’s wife is privy to the nefarious designs. Shakespeare wisely makes her, like the other charactersRead MoreLiterary Scholarship And Criticism Of Shakespeare s The Invention Of The Human 1309 Words   |  6 Pagesable to express himself more vividly and memorably than anyone else in the language† (p. 7). J.J.M. Tobin’s three components of Shakespeare’s artistry will serve as the anchors for exploring how four of Shakespeare’s prominent tragedies, Hamlet, Othello, Macbeth, and King Lear, demonstrate the faculty of Shakespeare’s expertise. Through the lens of Tobin’s analytical â€Å"ebullition† of Shakespeare’s work, this paper seeks to expand and qualify the magnetic aura that is Shakespeare; his ability to breathRead More Goodnight Desdemona: a Feminist Introspection of Shakespeare2482 Words   |  10 Pagesunderstanding we may read Goodnight Desdemona (Good Morning Juliet) to be true feminist reworking of Shakespeare. Therefore the metatheatre’s intertextuality reinforces and supports the traits of the feminine. MacDonald’s main Character, Constance Ledbelly is searching for the missing link in Shakespeare’s Othello and Romeo and Juliet, the missing link from the original source works of his plays. Just as Cons tance explores from studying the Gustav manuscript that something is missing from Shakespere’s playsRead More The Role of Femininity in Shakespeares Hamlet, Othello, and King Lear2337 Words   |  10 PagesThe Role of Femininity in Shakespeares Hamlet, Othello, and King Lear Hamlet, Othello, and King Lear similarly experience an unhooking (Tompkins) in the eponymous plays. These tragic figures struggle with internal and external femininity: after realizing their emotions and labeling them feminine, they identify women as the source of this negative femininity. Their inability to deal with the female gender in any form destabilizes their masculinity, causing an unhooking/unlatching within them

Chinese architecture Free Essays

Ancient Chinese architecture is an important component of the world architectural system. Through the years it formed into a style that combined stone carving, rammed earth construction, bucket arch buildings and many other techniques. Chinese laboring people created many architectural miracles like the Great Wall, the Forbidden City and the mausoleum of the First Kin Emperor. We will write a custom essay sample on Chinese architecture or any similar topic only for you Order Now The most significant characteristic Is the use of timber framework. Painting and carving were added to make the work more beautiful and attractive. The ancient buildings have a long history that can be tracked back all the way to the Shank Dynasty. The houses are built in a very nice way with the roofs colored, windows with exquisite applique © design and beautiful flower patterns. The layout of a courtyard is unique to China. The main structure is on the central axis of a court while less important structures are to the left and right. Houses of China were similar, the way of laying out a house was similar among rich and poor. Chinese people build one floor of a building everyday. Some examples of beautiful buildings are the Lieu Pagoda of Hangout, (it was build during the Song Dynasty); the Giant Wild Goose Pagoda, (it was build during the Tang Dynasty); the Hall of Supreme Harmony within the Palace museum, (it was built during the Mining Dynasty). The Coughing Garden in Ouzos, it’s one of the most finest gardens in China. Now the architecture in China became modern, there are still ancient architectural building and houses, but lots of buildings and houses have been taking down to put the new modern buildings. How to cite Chinese architecture, Papers

Recruitment and Selection Process in Wipro Essay Example For Students

Recruitment and Selection Process in Wipro Essay Wipro is India ‘s largest IT services supplier with gross gross of $ 6.03 billion in the past fiscal twelvemonth. The company is into incorporate concern, engineering and procedure solutions at a cosmopolitan footing. The company employs more than 115000 people and is headquartered in Bangalore, India ( Web 01 ). The company is besides in other sectors like consumer attention, illuming, technology and health care. The company was established in 1945 by M.H Premji. But it was his boy and current president, Azim Premji who transformed the company into one of the most reputed trade names in India. Entirely due to his attempts, the company now has more than 40 ‘Centers of Excellence ‘ and operates in 4 continents. Like every successful company, Wipro besides gives high importance to Human Resource Management. The company is India ‘s 6th top employer. But the company is non even in the top 20 best employers of the state while their rivals like TCS, Infosys etc. are ever in the top 10 ( Web 02 ). Therefore it can be judged that the HR maps in the company demand to be exhaustively reviewed. In simple footings enlisting can be referred to as the procedure of seeking and pulling competent employees for a peculiar occupation ( Aswathappa, 2005 ). Companies invest a batch on enlisting procedure in order to avoid inappropriate choice. The recruitment procedure of Wipro is besides structured in a elaborate mode and involves three unit of ammunitions: Round 1- Written trial 1. Verbal: This is the first subdivision of the written trial where 15 inquiries will be asked to the campaigners to prove their proficiency in English linguistic communication and include inquiries related to synonyms, antonyms, similes, prepositions etc. A comprehension transition besides might be included for the campaigners to read. 2. Aptitude: This subdivision besides have 15 inquiries that are concerned with aptitude subjects like Time A ; Work, Time A ; Distance, Puzzles, Calendars, Ratio proportions, Ages, Pipes etc. 3. Technical: This is rather an of import portion of the written trial and involves 20 inquiries which are meant to prove the proficient cognition of the applier in C, C++, Java, Linux, UNIX, DBMS, SQL, Programming basicss, Hardware, Software Engineering, Micro-Processors etc. The inquiries will be chiefly based upon the proficient facets studied as a portion of university course of study. Round 2: Technical Interview The 2nd unit of ammunition is the most of import riddance phase in the enlisting procedure. In this phase the campaigners must hold through cognition in the basic proficient accomplishments in order acquire them cleared from T here. Therefore the campaigners are asked to acquire prepared on their academic topics before sitting for this unit of ammunition. Round 3: HR interview This is found to be the hardest portion of the enlisting procedure. This unit of ammunition is found to be a existent trial for even the most competent campaigners. The most common inquiries that re asked in this unit of ammunition include speak about oneself, why should the company engage the campaigner, why did he wish to fall in Wipro, etc. The emotional quotient of the campaigner is tested in this unit of ammunition in order to look into whether he is able to defy the force per unit areas of the occupation. The other facets that are being tested here affect communicating and vocabulary of the campaigner. Round 4: Placement Once the campaigner is selected, he will be provided with an employee codification figure by the HR director and a connection signifier will besides be handed over to him which he has to make full up. This turns him from a campaigner to an employee. About 40 % of the employees of Wipro are selected straight from campus enlistings. Another beginning of enlisting is through the NSR ( National Skill Registry ). Outline1 Wipro preparation theoretical account2 1.3 Custom Content Development ( CCD )3 1.4 Human Resource Planning4 1.5 Capability Maturity Model ( CMM )5 1.6 Decision6 Undertaking 27 2.1 Introduction8 2.2 Performance direction in Wipro9 2.3 Importance of public presentation assessment in Wipro10 2.4 360 grade feedback11 2.5 Uses of Performance Appraisal System in Wipro: Wipro preparation theoretical account The above figure illustrates the Wipro preparation theoretical account which involves seven phases. These phases happen in a back-to-back procedure. The chief phases are: Identify preparation demands Specify the acquisition ends and aims Gestate the preparation plan Develop preparation content Reappraisals by stakeholders Pilot preparation content Rollout preparation content This theoretical account helps in placing the exact preparation demands of the campaigners and provides them with the most appropriate preparation. The company is besides non behind in development enterprises. The Leadership Quality Survey of the company started in 1992 has vastly contributed in fostering Wipro ‘s best concern leaders. Wipro now has 8 qualities for leading which are formulated on the footing of Wipro vision, values and concern scheme. As a portion of this development enterprise, the company has introduced a 360 degree study procedure which would enable in bettering the competences and accomplishments of their concern leaders. This procedure begins with having feedbacks from related people and coatings when every member frames a Personal Development Plan ( PDP ) on the footing of the responses received. This Personal Development Plan develops on the footing of a seven-step plan that would assist the person to understand his strengths and failings every bit good as finding the action stairss. This plan named â€Å" Wingss of Change † to typify that it would convey up alteration or transmutation in the person. The Leadership Development Framework of Wipro is besides a critical constituent for bettering the leading qualities of its employees. This model is given below: This model would assist in understanding the major countries that form in relation to a leader in Wipro. Leadership Lifecycle Programs: The Company has formulated a scheme for Life Cycle Stage Development Plan. This plan has been developed in order to border distinguishable occupation profiles and map the competences needed for each occupation function. The needed competences determine the success of each occupation function. The different plans under this LSDP are: aˆ? Entry-level plan ( ELP ) – This plan as the name suggests is for entry degree employees and intends to better their managerial qualities. The chief mark group for this plan is campus recruits and besides campaigners who entered through sidelong entries. aˆ? New Leaders ‘ Program ( NLP ) – This is the 2nd degree of the LSDP. This degree is higher to Entry-level plan and is oriented for possible campaigners who are most likely to be the leaders of company in the hereafter. aˆ? Wipro Leaders ‘ Program ( WLP ) – This plan is intended for medium degree directors with the capableness of being a leader in the close hereafter. Through this plan, the directors are expected to better their manner of managing employees, operations, concern development and undertaking direction undertakings. The directors who come up from this plan become the precursors of Wipro values and Wipro ‘s concern operations. The Tradegy of JUlius Caesar EssayPerformance direction on the other manus can be considered as usage of interrelated schemes and techniques with an purpose to heighten the public presentation of persons, squads and organisations. An appropriate public presentation direction can be regarded as the premier factor in accomplishing the concern ends from the point of position of organisation. Therefore public presentation assessment is seen as the main constituent or tool of public presentation direction in Wipro. Hence the company must do certain that the public presentation direction system adopted must be capable of run intoing the demands of organisation and the stakeholders ( Humphreys, 2008 ). Thus public presentation direction becomes a nucleus constituent in advancing corporate administration ( Bach A ; Sisson, 2000 ). Since corporate administration is an issue of great relevancy in today ‘s concern scenario, public presentation direction becomes rather critical in Wipro. It forms a critical constituent of the corporate administration model which helps the direction or boards to direct, observe and react to the manner the company reacts to the ends, mission and consequences that is expected from it. Performance direction can be helpful to the company in three countries viz. : Enhancing the single productiveness Identifying the preparation demands Allocating the precise wagess An effectual method of public presentation direction must instill a model affecting both corporate and single public presentation planning. Therefore the HR must guarantee that the model involves: Clarification of public presentation aims to the employees. This must include pass oning the specific undertakings, results, behaviours, and other value systems related to one ‘s occupation. The HR must do certain that these public presentation aims are in alliance with the concern aims. aˆ? Individual or squads undergo periodical assessments in order to measure their public presentation against the aims set for them. aˆ? The employee or appraise is provided with the feedback about his/her public presentation from this assessment. aˆ? Proper acknowledgment or wages is provided to the appraises for their public presentation every bit good as any betterment in their wage or wage based on the public presentation. aˆ? There will be squad and single development so that the accomplishments and abilities of the squad every bit good as members are constructing. aˆ? In instance there is hapless public presentation, the employee is given proper guidance in order to steer him to the right way. aˆ? To set up a connexion between the advancement of capablenesss with corporate and concern planning. That means there will non merely be coming down from the consequences of concern planning but besides having a system which feeds back up. aˆ? Having the ability to measure the part made by single, squad and organisation for achieving its aims. Performance direction system can besides be used in assortment of intents like scrutinizing, rating, preparation, sequence planning etc ( Randell, 1994 ). Thus an effectual system can be helpful for the employees and squads to understand their aims and the concern ends every bit good as enables to acknowledge how efficaciously they are accomplishing the corporate ends. This attack therefore helps these parties to place and clearly specify their public presentation outlooks which are an indispensable portion of their occupation. If the people, procedures and public presentation are integrated with the concern ends, it would take to developing the abilities of the person every bit good as organisation therefore taking to their better public presentation. It is the public presentation assessment procedure which expresses the work criterions expected out of a specific occupation and the norms, values and behaviours that are associated with that occupation and eventually pass oning this w ith the concerned people. Performance direction therefore consequences in better public presentation which is more closely directed to the aims and demands of organisation. Performance assessment and its feedback aid the employees to understand the degree of their public presentation and happen out ways to better them. Therefore surveies reveal that some research workers focus on accomplishment of concern ends as the most of import ground behind implementing public presentation direction system while some others view it as a graduated table for bettering public presentation of one. In an organisation like Wipro, it is suggested that a system which fulfills both organisation every bit good as single demands must be followed. 2.4 360 grade feedback This is a widely accepted technique of public presentation assessment adopted by many companies. This method can be used in obtaining both qualitative and quantitative informations about an person ‘s public presentation. Thus it involves a more holistic attack and here the individual is rated based on the feedbacks obtained from people who work near to him i.e equals, higher-ups, subordinates etc. Apart from that the person has to undergo a self-rating procedure besides. This method of assessment is rather suited with the work environment and occupation nature in Wipro and can give positive consequences. 2.5 Uses of Performance Appraisal System in Wipro: Wipro can hold legion benefits out of the public presentation direction system if implemented decently. The major benefits derived out of it are: Performance direction is more concerned about the end products instead than mere activities or behaviours. Therefore ordaining that one individual is busy would non assist him acquire an assessment or publicity. He has to accomplish the preset consequences in order to acquire appraised. Performance Management helps in alining the concern procedures and operations to the aims of the organisation. There is a concatenation procedure in PM which exists in order to do certain that they are in understanding with the organisational aims. Raising an organization-wide long-run position of the organisation. An effectual method of public presentation direction should follow a system-based attack which aims at the consequences or end products of the concern procedures ( Swanson, 1999 ). In other instances, the consequence is bound to hold certain mistakes. Performance direction would ensue in meaningful measurings which can be applied in legion countries like benchmarking, framing criterions for comparing the company ‘s patterns with the most industry accepted criterions. They point out results during development attempts, such as employee preparation, direction development, quality plans, etc. Thus public presentation direction makes certain that employees are every bit treated and they receive wagess based on true public presentation. This manner the employees will be able understand their strengths and failings ( Brets et.al. 1992 ). It would assist them to be cognizant about the responsibilities they have to bear and therefore move harmonizing to his higher-up ‘s outlooks ( Rees A ; Porter, 2008 ).

Ottawa Charter and Role of Nurses †Free Sample Assignment

Question: Discuss about the Ottawa Charter and Role of Nurses. Answer: Introduction The first international-health conference of Ottawa Charter given by WHO (1986) for health promotion has greatly influenced and guided the development of health promotional concept and shaped the public- health practice (Laverack, 2014). Ottawa Charter acts as a land-mark document by which it provides a basic action statement that creates resonance for nursing professionals continuously throughout the world. Ottawa Charter strategies and its action areas have stood as a test for nursing care, health- policy development as well as health- care research. Every health- care professional strives to provide optimal care to all the individuals irrespective of caste, creed, race and color. They work as a team to promote health at all the levels from urban to remote areas based on Ottawa Charters principles. As nurses are key front-line service providers, they have varied roles in promoting health based on various action areas of Ottawa Charter by considering health literacy as well as healt h education of people. The following essay will discuss how Ottawa Charter and its principles relate to the role of health- care professionals. Health promotion is one of the essential components of public-health practice. Health promotion has been institutionalized and practiced since two decades. All the health practitioners, policy- framers, educators with community- researchers have recognized the importance of health promotional practices in promoting a countrys public- health (Potvin, 2011). Health promotioninvolves helping the individuals to develop control over and promote their health (Park, 2010). Healthis viewed as a resource for human life but not as an objective for living. Hence, nurses should provide health- care to people beyond healthy life-style to attain a global well-being (Catford, 2011). The professional nurses should strive not only to prevent illness but also to promote health of a person (ANA, 2010). According to Ottawa Charter, good health indicates presence of peace, home (shelter), education, adequate food and income, stabilizedeco-system with sufficientresources; societaljusticeas well as equity. This shows that health promotion is not only the responsibility of nurses but also the responsibility of varied professionals. The health team has to work together to promote health by guiding people to identify the synergic aspects in-between their passions, motivate them and support them to change their lifestyle to achieve optimal health (ODonnell, 2009). The health-professionals should understand that there is equilibrium between physical, psychological, societal, and spiritual with intellectual well-being. They should facilitate lifestyle modifications by combining their learning experiences to promote individual awareness, instill motivation and build skills along with creation of opportunities to promote accessibility to environments to enhance positive health-practices (ODonn ell, 2009). Nurses help to transform the health of individuals, society and health-care system by promoting the health of individuals, families and communities (Ward, n. d.). The nurses should work based on three fundamental strategies for health- promotion proposed by Ottawa Charter. They include advocacy for health-care to develop fundamental conditions for health; enable all individual to attain their fullest health potential and mediate between varied societal interests in health pursuit. All the health professionals are totally responsibility for carrying out these strategies at all societal levels (Madanat, 2015). The Ottawa Charter has given various action areas for health promotion. The health-care professionals should understand that only when these action areas are used collectively; it will provide better chance to promote health in any population setting (Hubley, 2013). This Charter has highlighted the role of health-care professionals, organizations, health-systems and communities with individualized behavior and capacity. While using Ottawa- Charter framework to deal with the determinants of illness, nurses gain an evidence-based and helpful framework to support individuals and communities to address health issues (Ward, n. d). Nurses can also utilize the Charter framework to frame and advice interventions to tackle health issues. The first action-area of buildinghealthypublic-policyinvolves combining diverse as well as complementary practices in healthpromotional policy.Ottawa Charter makes the health-professionals to understand that health promotion extends beyond health- sector and health must be in the agenda of varied sectors and all governmental levels (Hubley, 2013). Nurses are accountable for advocating on-behalf of individuals and communities and in improving public- policy. The nurses should identify the obstaclesin adopting healthypublic-policiesinhealth with non-healthsectors and develop waystoeliminate those (Wills, 2014). According to ICN (2010), the nurses should promote advocacy, participate in framing health-policy and health-systems (Madanat, 2015). Such actions should be taken to help individuals to establish living environment that are conducive to healthy well-being and lifestyles. Thus, their objective should be to make the healthier choice as easier choice. The second action-area of creatingsupportive-environmentinvolves protecting people from health threats and enabling them to improve their capabilities and developing self-reliance in health. The public-policy should be developed to create supportive-environments through community partnerships. Nurses have a role in promoting interaction between people and local- government to exchange information, thoughts and ideas and identify strategies to solve health issues (Ward, n. d.). Nurses should protect individuals, communities and societies and provide opportunities for empowerment. Empowerment helps the individuals to gain control over decisions with actions affecting their health. Nurses should empower both individuals and communities to outlet their needs, concerns, design strategies and attain societal actions to meet their needs. Nurses should promote health by strengthening basic life-skills as well as physical environments that impacts health (Madanat, 2015). The next action-area of strengtheningcommunityactionsinvolves developing communities by helping the humanswith other resources topromoteself-help and societal support and to develop flexible systems to strengthen community participation (Madanat, 2015). The heart of this action involves community empowerment that involves persons working collectively to control over health-determinants and the quality of community life. Nurses should draw mechanisms for communities to help them in decision-making process. She should motivate the communities to identify their needs and strategies to meet these needs (Ward, n. d.). Nurses should emphasize that greater power remains with people themselves than that of professionals. The fourth action-area of developingpersonalskillsinvolves enabling persons to learn to empower themselves to manage chronic illnesses and injuries (Hubley, 2013). Nurses have to facilitate enabling in schools,homeandcommunitycenters that refers to the action taken in partnerships with individuals and groups to empower them by mobilizing the resources to promote health. She should promote individual empowerment by helping individual in making decision and controlling life. The health professionals should act as a catalyst in promoting health action such as providing access to health information, facilitating skill-development with supporting accessibility to political-aspects to shape public-policies. Next action-area of reorientinghealthservices involves moving the health- sectors towards healthpromotional direction beyond its role of curative services (Madanat, 2015). Nurses have a greater role in promoting inter-sectoral collaboration between health- sector, community people and educational sector based on health issue. To reorientinghealth-services, health-professionals have to increase health research and bring changes in professional-education. Developing- personalized skills and strengthening community- actions could be taken as varied dimensions of health- education whereas reorienting health-services could be broadened to comprise schools, environmental aspects with societal aspects and building healthy-public policy with creating supportive-environments involves advocacy (Hubley, 2013). Health education is an important aspect of health promotion that involves clearly designed opportunities for learning that are designed to promote health literacy that includes enhancing knowledge with promoting life-skills that are conducive to peoples health (Whitehead, 2008). Nurses should understand that health education is concerned with promoting motivation, skills with self-efficacy to take steps to promote health. Additionally, nurses should pay attention to health literacy and poverty-based barriers that prevents individual and community from practicing health- promotional activities (Jahan, 2012). The health-care professionals should promote health literacy by helping individual to achieve a level of knowledge, develop personal-skills and confidence to draw action to enhance health by modifying their life-styles and living conditions. Thus, health promotion is one of the most important roles of health-care professionals. They have to go beyond regular clinical care to promote and protect health. Nurses should frame health promotional models to address health issues so as to promote health. The 5 action- areas of Ottawa Charter integrates various aspects of health promotion and the nurses should use all these areas collectively to serve as a useful tool in health promotion. Ottawa- Charter has given a framework for student nurses to determine their roles in public-health (Aarts, 2010). Nurses have to tackle issues in caring, holism as well as ecology to develop newer strategies for health promotion. Aguidingprinciplecould be framed to include both womenandmeninevery phaseof planning, implementing and evaluating health promotional activities. Health promotion is crucial in todays world. Reference Aarts, C et al. (2010). Enabling nursing students to focus on the Ottawa Charter and the nurses role in tackling inequalities in health through international exchange: Nurse Educ Today.30(5):448-52. Retrieved form https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20556881 ANA. (2010). What is nursing?. Retrieved from https://www.nursingworld.org/Especially ForYou/StudentNurses/ What is nursingaspx Catford, J. (2011). Ottawa 1986: back to the future: Health Promot. Int. 26(2): ii163-ii167. Hubley, J. (2013). Health Promotion and Public Health. Retrieved from www.politybooks.co.uk/hubley/download/sample1.pdf ICN (2010). The ICN definition of Nursing. Retrieved fromvhttps://www.ich.in/definition.htm Jahan, S. (2012). Health Promotion: Opportunities and Challenges: J Biosafety Health Educ. 1:e105. doi:10.4172/2332-0893.1000e105 Laverack, G. (2014). The Pocket Guide to Health Promotion. Retrieved from https://books.google.co.in/books?isbn=0335264735 Madanat, H. (2015). Introduction to Health Promotion Behavioral Science in Public Health. Retrieved from https://books.google.co.in/books?isbn=1305560590 ODonnell, M.P. (2009).Definition of health promotion 2.0: embracing passion, enhancing motivation, recognizing dynamic balance, and creating opportunities: Am J Health Promot. 24: iv. Park, K. (2010). Parks Textbook of Prevention and Social Medicine. (21st ed.). Jabalpur: m/s Banasardidas Bhanot. Potvin, L. Jones, C.M. (2011).Twenty-five years after the Ottawa Charter: the critical role of health promotion for public health: Can J Public Health. 102: 244-248. Ward, B Verrinder, G. (n.d.). Young people and alcohol misuse: how can nurses use the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion: Australian Journal Of Advanced Nursing. 25 (4): 114-119. Retrieved from https://www.ajan.com.au/vol25/vol_25-4_ward.pdf Whitehead, D. (2008). Health promotion: An International Delphi study examining health promotion and health education in nursing practice, education and policy: Journal of Clinical Nursing. 17: 891-900 Wills, J. (2014). Fundamentals of Health Promotion for Nurses. Retrieved from https://books.google.co.in/books?isbn=1118515765

Descriptives Essay Sample - How to Write About Your Experiences

Descriptives Essay Sample - How to Write About Your ExperiencesA student wants to write a first-year experiences descriptive essay, so he or she checks out experiences descriptive essay samples. Descriptives essay samples are a great source of inspiration because they are so 'plain and simple.' You will not find a lot of tough adjectives in this form, but there are some guidelines you can follow for your own needs. This form will not always make your writing look 'professional,' but it will help to bring some style and substance to your experiences essay.First, you need to make sure that the experiences describe a specific event. There is no sense trying to describe experiences you have had as a visitor to a place, such as going to a concert. The purpose of this type of essay is to talk about a 'specific' event. For example, if you are an employee who has had a memorable time working at a certain place, you will want to use the experience descriptive essay sample to tell about the un ique event that made your time there so memorable.Try to keep your brief sentence to three to four words. If your experiences have been varied, you might need to shorten your description. Just be sure that each section of your description keeps your reader engaged. A student with a very long description is bound to lose interest. Keep it short and concise.Use the experiences descriptive essay sample to bring your thoughts on a topic to life. Describe what you liked about the location. Tell what you did not like about the location. Give examples that prove how you felt about a certain place. Even if you wrote down all the pros and cons of a particular place before leaving, describe them again in a second experiences descriptive essay sample.One of the most meaningful parts of a trip is the eating and drinking. Try to describe the pleasant experiences you had. You will find this is not a difficult task. Include a nice shot of wine or a memorable drink you had.Of course, if there were more negative aspects to a location, you should take note of these as well. Make sure to include the bad points too. Try to make the positive stand out, but don't become too impressed with the positive.When writing about places where you experienced an unpleasant event, be sure to include a detailed description of your feelings at the time. Most people know if they are going to become frustrated and angry, but they might not know why. By including a simple description in a experiences descriptive essay sample, you will be able to give the student examples to compare to, so that the student will see where his or her feelings come from.Experiences that were very positive will show different. This will help you focus in on why you think the student will write about these. This will help your student develop a better description and hopefully write more professionally. Remember, you do not want to be too impressed by what you hear in the experiences descriptive essay sample, but you wan t to be able to write a well-written description about your experiences.

Leadership in the Retail Industry

Introduction This paper is based on the topic of leadership in the retail industry. It seeks to explore the topic by looking at the importance of nurturing leadership. It also looks at the leadership approaches which young leaders should adopt for them to successfully lead contemporary organisations in the retail industry.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Leadership in the Retail Industry specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is argued that leaders of the young generation need to adopt a leadership approach which is proactive and sensitive to the changes in the business environment in the retail industry. They also need to blend different leadership approaches because different situations call for different leadership styles or a combination of leadership styles. Challenge of Mobility of Workforce in the Retail Industry Young employees in the retail industry have faced the challenge of mobility for a long time. The reason why the young generation has faced the challenge of climbing the ladder of leadership is that it lacks the experience to lead. Many organisations in the retail industry need experienced leaders due to the volatility of the industry in terms of competition and adoption of new technology in business processes. When young people leave colleges or universities, they usually have the certificates but are not exposed to practical work. They therefore stay for a long time ranging from 10 to 15 years before they gain the necessary experience to work as leaders in organisations.  The current job market is also characterised by high turnover rates. As a result, many young people do not work for one organisation for a long time enough to qualify for promotion to leadership positions. The reason why they hop from an organisation to another is because they usually seek for good employment terms, especially good salaries to cater for the ever rising cost of living.  The other reason wh y young people face the mobility challenge is because many organisations in the retail industry do not invest in initiatives which promote employee retention. Retention refers to the activities done to ensure that once employees are employed, they remain in the same organisation permanently or for a long time. The main reason for retention is that the processes of recruitment and selection of employees are not only tedious but also costly and time consuming.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Retention is usually based on motivation theories such the human relations approach which is characterised by a shift from the scientific to the humanistic approach in the motivation of employees. The approach places more emphasis on the work environment and perceives employees as social beings with social, psychological, and financial needs. It also acknowledges that employees have the po tential of being creative in their work. The approach also values the synergy found in teamwork, the reasoning being that employees are able to come up with group norms and rules which govern their work. The approach also recognises the importance of employees interacting with their managers in a friendly way without fear of victimisation. When employees fear their managers, they tend to work with their bodies but their minds and hearts are usually far away (Fox 2009).  However, many organisations in the retail industry are managed using the scientific approach of management. This approach hinders upward mobility of young employees because the managers do not give the employees an opportunity to be creative and innovative. Instead, the managers view the employees as liabilities and as a result, they do not bother to invest in employee development because they believe that the compensation offered to employees is enough to keep them motivated. The managers and supervisors also trea t employees with contempt and they do not give them an opportunity to micromanage their work. Leadership Approaches to be adopted by Young Leaders Wart and Suino defined leadership as the ability of a person to influence other people to do things which they may not do without the influence (Wart Suino 2012). People with this ability are referred to as leaders and are found in different settings and contexts. In organisational context, leaders are responsible for planning, coordinating, and controlling organisational functions and activities towards attainment of organisational goals and objectives (Sims 2007). In a book titled â€Å"management†, Schermerhorn defined management as the art of getting things done through people (Schermerhorn 2010). Many organisations have policies, procedures, and guidelines that govern the decision making process. Managers must understand how to get people do what they are supposed to do and know what exactly gets done, the results to be achie ved, and how best the results can be achieved in an efficient manner. Leadership forms the basis of success or failure of organisations because nothing can be accomplished with failed leadership and bad management. Employees in organisations need an effective leader to influence and marshal their efforts towards the achievement of a common goal. Being a leader means more than being a team leader.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Leadership in the Retail Industry specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It involves getting things done and doing them well. It is a show of positive attitude and involves various aspects like influencing followers, commitment of individuals to goals, aiding group cohesion, and spearheading change in organisations. Leaders learn and adapt leadership styles which they feel may deal with diverse personalities and evolving situations. Some leaders have a combination of positive traits and attribu tes as their basis of leadership (Wart Suino 2012). Both leadership and management are essential for the success of organisations because they complement each other. Leadership attributes transform managers into leaders and by so doing; the managers discharge their duties in a flexible manner. Such managers also have the ability to create a cohesive organisational culture where employees’ loyalty and motivation are greatly enhanced. Trait Approach of Leadership Trait leadership is best suited for young leaders in the retail industry. In a book titled â€Å"The leadership experience†, Daft explained trait leadership as having to do with leaders acting upon leadership traits which they are born with (Daft 2008). The leadership style does not embrace the idea that leadership can be learned or acquired from experience but rather perceives leadership as a quality which people are born with. Trait leadership style therefore leads to realisation of excellent results because the leaders have leadership qualities at birth and are able to lead even without any formal training (Daft 2008). Trait leadership may inspire employees to become creative because trait oriented leaders are not mechanistic in their leadership but they understand the importance of allowing employees to micromanage their activities at the workplace so as to achieve their targets. When employees are given the permission to micromanage their work, they develop positive attitude towards work which makes them to work hard and attain good results. They are also able to change the rules governing their work and try new ways of doing things. By so doing, they are able to discover new approaches to their work. If for example employees who work as marketing agents are allowed to micromanage their work, they can recommend new types of products which they think are the best for customers (Gill 2011). Under the trait leadership approach, employees are able to focus on the end result and come up w ith their own ways of meeting the set targets and deadlines without failure. Since all organisational activities are undertaken in a timely manner, organisations are able to implement their projects with a high degree of success which leads to increased productivity. At the same time, employees like imitating the trait oriented leaders and as a result, they are ever focused on their role in their organisations which increases efficiency, effectiveness, and productivity (Northouse 2010).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, trait leadership style has the potential of resulting to conflict of ideas in the workplace because trait oriented leaders may sometimes exhibit dictatorial traits which may create conflict due to their failure to consult other leaders or employees when making some important organisational decisions. The tendency of trait oriented leaders to believe that they know it all may sometimes work against them and lead to resistance to organisational change (Pearce Robinson 2011). How Trait, Participative and Contingency Approaches Blend Together Research in the field of leadership has shown that organisations in the retail industry may reap more benefits by blending various styles of leadership. In a book titled â€Å"Exploring leadership: individual, organisational, and societal perspectives†, Bolden, Hawkins Gosling argued that the blending of different leadership styles can lead to effective leadership. For instance, blending trait leadership principles with participat ive leadership may enhance employees’ leadership capabilities. Trait leadership principles when blended with transformational, transactional, and situational leadership styles may improve interpersonal skills of leaders. Furthermore, the styles can be blended to create a highly motivated workforce that can contribute positively towards the achievement of organisational goals (Bolden, Hawkins Gosling 2011). Trait leadership in particular may enable participative oriented leaders to have charisma which enables them to inspire the team members to realise good results. Contingency leadership style may enable participative leaders to change their leadership style depending on the situation and become more efficient and effective. Participative leadership may inspire teamwork because the style is about making everybody in organisations to participate in the process of moving the organisations forward (Bolden, Hawkins Gosling 2011). The participation is not only about the performa nce of duties but also about making decisions which affect the work being done. Since everybody is actively involved in organisational activities, the â€Å"big boss† syndrome is eliminated and replaced with a culture in which all members of organisations feel as part of a big team with a clear mission and vision to achieve. Employees also view each other as members of one family and for this reason; they do not hesitate to share their thoughts, ideas, challenges, and strengths with fellow employees (Bolden, Hawkins Gosling 2011).  The contingency approach may inspire a change of leadership depending on the situation because the style is based on the philosophy that organisations are unique and therefore, there is no general approach to leadership. The approach enables leaders to be flexible in their leadership and as a result, they are able to treat each situation differently which leads to enhanced success of activities undertaken by employees. The ability of the leaders to be flexible in their leadership style means that they are result oriented and not bound by procedures, rules or regulations but are free to change tact with the overall objective of meeting the set targets. Flexibility in leadership leads to increased efficiency and effectiveness making organisations to increase their productivity. Reference List Bolden, R, Hawkins, R Gosling, J 2011, Exploring leadership: individual, organisational, and societal perspectives, Oxford University Press, Oxford. Daft, R.L 2008, The leadership experience, Thomson/South-Western, Mason, OH. Fox, W. M 2009,The management process : an integrated functional approach, Information Age Publishing, Charlotte, N.C. Gill, R 2011, Leadership theory: A critical review, synthesis and redefinition, SAGE Publications Ltd, London. Northouse, P 2010, Leadership: theory and practice, Sage, S.l. Pearce, J Robinson, R. B 2011, Organisational structure. dans: strategic management: formulation, implementation and contro l, McGraw Hill, S.l. Schermerhorn, J 2010, Management, Wiley, Hoboken, N.J. Sims, R 2007, Human resource management : contemporary issues, challenges and opportunities, Information Age Publishers, Greenwich, Conn. Wart, M.V Suino, P 2012, Leadership in public organisations: an introduction, Sharpe, Armonk, N.Y. 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